The Differences and Similarities Between DMD and DDS

Before you may work as a dentist, you must successfully complete a doctor of medicine in dentistry (D.M.D.) or doctor of dental surgery (D.D.S.) program. One of the two curricula, which have the same fundamental elements but have different histories, is offered by each dental school. Comparing these two kinds of programs might help you decide which one, if you're interested in becoming a dentist, best suits your objectives. In this blog, we define D.M.D. and D.D.S., discuss their distinctions and overlaps, and offer advice on how to decide between a D.M.D. or D.D.S. program.

What is a DMD?

A D.M.D. is a Doctor of Dental Medicine degree, which a dental student receives upon graduation from dental school. The name of the degree comes from the Latin phrase, "Doctoris Medicinae Dentariae," D.M.D. This designation is at the discretion of the dental school and is the older designation of a dentistry degree. D.M.D. programs provide the same qualification as D.D.S. programs.

What is a DDS?

A D.D.S. is a Doctor of Dental Surgery, which is another type of degree a dental student can receive when they graduate from dental school. This is the more modern designation for a dentistry degree, and the initials come from the English name of the degree. D.D.S. programs provide the same qualification as D.M.D. programs, and the only difference is the initials used on the degree.

DMD vs. DDS

D.M.D. and D.D.S. programs are different only in name. D.M.D. and D.D.S. degrees both signify graduates' capabilities to practice dentistry. Dental students who complete either a D.M.D. or D.D.S. program receive the same educational and clinical foundation, and both can practice as dentists. Here's more information on how these degree programs compare:

Education

D.M.D. and D.D.S. programs have the same prerequisites and curricula, although specific courses may vary by school. Candidates first complete a bachelor's degree, usually in biology, biomedical sciences, chemistry or a related field. They can then apply to a D.M.D. or D.D.S. program, which each takes four years to complete. During the first two years, students spend most of their time in the classroom learning the educational foundation of dentistry. Courses include:

• Anatomy
• Physiology
• Biology
• Chemistry
• Pharmacology
• Oral pathology
• Oral histology

During the last two years of a D.M.D. or D.D.S. program, students complete clinical rotations, which allow them to apply the skills they've learned in a clinical setting. They provide care to patients of all ages under the supervision of an experienced dentist and may complete their clinical rotations in different settings, such as dental offices, hospitals and community dental clinics.

Tuition

The cost of a D.M.D. or D.D.S. program depends on the school that offers it. Public universities typically have lower tuition than private universities, and students who live in the state where they attend college may receive discounted in-state rates. As a graduate program, dental school costs more than many undergraduate degrees. Students may qualify for financial aid or scholarships to help offset the associated cost.

Job duties

Students who graduate with a D.M.D. or D.D.S. degree and pass a national exam and a state licensing test can legally practice as dentists. The job duties of a general dentist include:

• Diagnosing and treating oral conditions
• Providing preventative dental care
• Creating treatment plans for patients
• Helping patients with home hygiene routines
• Administering anesthesia for procedures
• Performing diagnostic tests and X-rays
• Interpreting test results

D.M.D. or D.D.S. degree holders who choose to practice family medicine provide these services to adults and children. They also monitor the oral development of their pediatric patients and make referrals to specialists, such as orthodontists, as needed.

Specializations

Dentists who receive a D.M.D. or D.D.S. degree can specialize in a specific area of dentistry. Specializations typically require further education and training beyond graduation from dental school. They include:

• Endodontics: Endodontists focus on the substances within the teeth, such as dental pulp. Endodontics programs usually take approximately two years and result in certification.
• Oral and maxillofacial surgery: Oral and maxillofacial surgeons provide surgical treatments to patients. This specialty requires a dentist to complete a medical school program.
• Periodontics: Periodontists focus on periodontal diseases, which affect the gums and bones of the jaw. This specialty requires two to three years of additional education, and graduates receive certification.
• Orthodontics: Orthodontists treat irregular alignment of the teeth and jaws. Specializing in orthodontics requires two to three additional years of schooling, and graduates receive certification.
• Prosthodontics: Prosthodontists fit patients with dental prosthetics, such as implants and bridges. Prosthodontists study for approximately three additional years to become certified in their specialty.

Skills

In addition to the technical proficiencies, dentists need to complete their regular duties, D.M.D. and D.D.S. students also develop soft skills. Mastering these skills can help dentists provide quality care to their patients by listening to their needs, keeping them informed of their treatment options and completing their procedures efficiently. They include:

• Communication
• Interpersonal skills
• Attention to detail
• Critical thinking
• Compassion
• Empathy

Job outlook and salary

The national average salary for a dentist is $183,235 per year. Dentists who pursue education beyond a D.M.D. or D.D.S. degree to specialize in a practice area within dentistry may earn more.

For example, orthodontists make an average of $287,449 per year. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics expects the dentistry profession to grow by 6% from 2021 to 2031, which is slightly faster than the average growth rate for all occupations.

For the most up-to-date salary information from Indeed, click on the links provided.

Tips for choosing a dentistry program

D.M.D. and D.D.S. programs result in equivalent degrees, both of which allow you to practice dentistry. Here are some tips for choosing which program to pursue:

Determine your preferences

When choosing a program, focus on your preferences regarding school location, tuition, class schedule and accreditation. This can be more helpful than choosing one based on the name of the degree program. A career counselor at your university or college may be able to help you create a list of potential dental schools.

Create a strong application

Applying to D.M.D. or D.D.S. programs can be competitive. It's important to remember to highlight your strengths and communicate why you're a good fit for the program. Talking with current dental students or dentists may be a good way to learn how to build a successful application.

Consider accredited schools

The American Dental Association (ADA) lists dental schools accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA). CODA maintains certain standards for the dental industry. Choosing a CODA-accredited school may help you secure your future in dentistry as a D.M.D. or D.D.S. graduate.

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